Sulfadiazine Sodium + Trimethoprim Injection / Newten^®

What is Sulfadiazine Sodium + Trimethoprim?

Sulfadiazine Sodium +Trimethoprim

Sulfadiazine Sodium + Trimethoprim Injection is an antibiotic/antimicrobial combination drug used to treat infections in cats , dogs , horses , cows , and pigs. This medicine is indicated for the treatment of certain gastrointestinal, respiratory, and urinary tract infections caused by susceptible microorganisms.

This injectable solution contains the active ingredients sulfadiazine and trimethoprim. Sulfadiazine is classified as a sulfonamide antibiotic. It displays action against most gram-positive and many gram-negative bacteria. It works by inhibiting folic acid synthesis within the bacteria. Trimethoprim is classified as an antibiotic and folate synthesis inhibitor.

This drug is well absorbed after administration and reaches high therapeutic plasma concentrations. It is well distributed into body tissues and fluid and penetrates the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tissues, urogenital tract, and synovial fluids. Trimethoprim binds to proteins (40-70%), and sulfadiazine has a lower binding affinity (20-30%). This drug is

metabolized in the liver and undergoes acetylation and conjugation (sulfadiazine), and trimethoprim is metabolized into several inactive metabolites.

This antibiotic is excreted via the kidneys and the half-life varies (between 5 and 12 hours).

Sulfadiazine inhibits the bacterial synthesis of dihydrofolic acid by competing with para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA). This blocks the production of folic acid which is needed for bacterial growth and replication. Trimethoprim inhibits the bacterial dihydrofolate reductase which is needed for the conversion of dihydrofolic acid to tetrahydrofolic acid.

The combination shows a broad range of activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria like E. coli, Haemophilus, Pasteurella, Salmonella, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus.

It is important to note that Sulfadiazine + Trimethoprim Injection is for veterinary purposes only.

Indications :

• Cattle: For the treatment of respiratory infections, diarrhea, and metritis.
• Sheep and Goats: For respiratory infections, diarrhea, metritis, pasteurellosis, and salmonellosis.
• Swine: For respiratory infections, diarrhea, colibacillosis, metritis, and atrophic rhinitis. Neotin is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by organisms sensitive to sulfadiazine and trimethoprim.

Dosage and Administration :

Administer by intramuscular injection .

Dosage: 1 ml per 10 kg body weight daily.

• In severe infections, the initial dose may be followed by half the normal dose every 12 hours.
• Treatment should continue for 2–3 days after clinical signs have disappeared, and should not exceed 7 consecutiv days.

Precautions :

Do NOT use Sulfadiazine Sodium + Trimethoprim Injection for an animal that:

• has a known allergy or hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients
• has liver damage or a blood cell disease.

Treatment with this drug should be administered with caution for an animal that is dehydrated. If the owners notice any side effects, they should report it immediately to a veterinary professional.

The dosage should be carefully selected in animals with impaired liver or kidney function. Pregnant and lactating animals should be treated only if the benefits outweigh the risks.

Owners should inform the veterinarians about any drugs or supplements that the animal is taking at the moment. They should also be aware of the animal's previous medical history.

Side Effects :

As with all pharmaceuticals, some unwanted effects can occur from the use of Sulfadiazine Sodium + Trimethoprim Injection.

Some common side effects may include but are not limited to:  temporary swelling near injection site Serious side effects may include:

• allergic reaction, including anaphylaxis
• urine crystals
• central nervous toxicity
• liver damage